Nile Water Science & Engineering Journal

VOLUMES

Volume: Volume 13, 2021

Issue: ISSUE 1 , 2022, June

Experimental Investigation of the Piers Shape Effect on the Scouring and Sedimentation in Open Channels

On Thursday, 30th of December, 2021. 08:53:42 AM
By wedyan elsayed metwally

Topic: Hydraulic Structures
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Experimental Investigation of the Piers Shape Effect on the Scouring and Sedimentation in Open Channels Alaa Nabil El-Hazek1, Ahme read more

Experimental Investigation of the Piers Shape Effect on the Scouring and Sedimentation in Open Channels Alaa Nabil El-Hazek1, Ahmed Moustafa A.Moussa2, Osama A. Gaheen3, Wedyain Elsayed Metwalley1, Neveen Badawy Abdel- Mageed1. 1 Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra, Benha University 2 Coastal Research Institute, National Water Research Center 3 Mechanical Engineering Department, Institute of Aviation Engineering and Technology Abstract The phenomenon of scouring and sedimentation is one of the most important natural phenomena that directly affect the safety of engineering facilities constructed in waterways such as bridges, as it may cause the structure to collapse and destroy it because of the erosive action of the flowing water at the bottom and banks of a watercourse. Simply, scour can be defined as the erosion of streambed sediment around an obstruction in a flow field and the lowering the level of the bed by water erosion, which leads to revealing the foundations of concrete structures. This paper sheds light on this phenomenon and studies its causes and factors affecting it. That was through experimental study for local scour depth around different shapes of bridges piers’ (columns) using different shapes for columns such as circular, square, oblique square, a square column with a circular nose, oblique rectangular. This experimental study was performed for constant velocity, discharge, and direction of the flow of the water. The practical obtained results showed that the depth of scouring formed for each column (pier) was different from the other, and the shape of the soil around the columns due to the occurrence of scouring and sedimentation of the soil was different. From the obtained results, the lowest depth of scouring was achieved using the square pier column with a circular nose, while the greatest depth of scouring was obtained using the square pier column. Keywords scouring – sedimentation – bridges – columns – piers – open channels less

SUSPENDED SEDIMENT CONCENTRATION AND WATER QUALITY MONITORING ALONG ASWAN HIGH DAM LAKE USING REMOTE SENSING

On Monday, 20th of December, 2021. 07:44:57 PM
By Mohamed Aboalazayem Zayed

Topic: GIS and Remote Sensing applications in river engineering
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Downloaded: 14

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Field data collecting is considered one of the most difficult work due to the difficulty of accessing large zones such as large lakes. Also, it is we read more

Field data collecting is considered one of the most difficult work due to the difficulty of accessing large zones such as large lakes. Also, it is well known that the cost of obtaining field data is very expensive. Remotely monitoring of lake water quality provides an economically feasible approach comparing to field data collection. Researchers have shown that lake water quality can be properly monitored via remote sensing analyses. Using satellite images as a method of water quality detection provides a realistic technique to measure quality parameters across huge areas. Landsat data provides full free access to often occurring and repeating satellite photos. This enables researchers to undertake large-scale temporal comparisons of parameters related to lake water quality. Satellite measurements have been extensively utilized to develop algorithms for predicting critical parameters of water quality. The goal of this paper is to use remote sensing to derive water quality indicators in Aswan High Dam Lake, which is considered Egypt's primary and strategic reservoir of freshwater. This study focuses on using Landsat 8 band reflectance observations to predict water-quality characteristics which are limited to turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a). ArcGIS pro is used to retrieve Landsat 8 surface reflectance data for the study region. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to derive new correlations between observed optical water-quality indicators in April and LANDSAT 8 reflectance which were atmospherically corrected by values of various bands, band ratios, and or combinations. Field measurements taken in the month of May were used to validate water quality parameters obtained from reflectance data of Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) satellite. The findings demonstrate a strong correlation between indicators of water quality and Landsat 8 reflectance. For turbidity, the best validation correlation with reflectance blue, green, and red, were derived with high values of R2 and RMSE equal 0.98 and 1.4 NTU, respectively. For TSS, six equations were strongly correlated and verified with band ratios and combinations. A logarithm of the ratio of blue and green reflectance was determined to be the best performing model with values of R2 and RMSE equal to 0.9861 and 1.84 mg/l, respectively. For Chl-a, eight methods were presented for calculating its value within the study area. A mix of blue, red, shortwave infrared 1(SWR1) and panchromatic reflectance yielded the greatest validation results with values of R2 and RMSE equal 0.98 and 1.4 mg/l, respectively. less

Flood Risk Mapping Using GIS and Multi-Criteria Analysis in Wady El-lbrahemy, Assiut, Egypt

On Wednesday, 15th of December, 2021. 08:41:16 AM
By Ahmed Adel Ahmed Saleh

Topic: Flood Management
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Downloaded: 13

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Flood mapping and delineation of flood hazard areas are very important for risk management and disaster reduction. Due to the prevalence of floods in read more

Water and Sediment Quality Assessment in Terms of Quality Index, Ismailia Canal, Egypt

On Tuesday, 23rd of November, 2021. 08:06:07 PM
By Asmaa Agrama

Topic: Water Quality
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Downloaded: 16

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This research focused on evaluating the water and sediment quality in Ismailia Canal which is a multi-purpose canal. Its highest discharge is recorded read more

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