Nile Water Science & Engineering Journal

VOLUMES

Volume: Volume 1, 2008

Issue: Issue 1 , 2008, July

A comparative Study of International EIA Guidelines and the Sudan EIA Experience

On Thursday, 1st of May, 2008. 11:16:44 AM
By Mohd Elmuntasir Ahmed

Topic: Other
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Downloaded: 1

Abstract

This research was initiated to compare the international EIA guidelines in order to enhance the Sudan experience to improve its practice in managing t read more

Environmental Water Requirements Rapid Assessment (Downstream of the Hydropower Plant of Lower Kihansi)

On Thursday, 1st of May, 2008. 11:16:44 AM
By Raphael Tshimanga

Topic: Hydropower Development
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Abstract

The present study was carried out to assess the hydrological and hydraulic characteristics that control the flow dependent river ecosystem, necessary read more

The present study was carried out to assess the hydrological and hydraulic characteristics that control the flow dependent river ecosystem, necessary to maintain the adequacy of the Environmental Water Allocation downstream of the Kihansi Dam. The indicative parameters of Environmental Water Requirements were assessed using three independent methodologies namely, Hydrology-based, Hydraulic rating and Habitat simulation. The adopted approach was meant to ensure information sharing between the results of the three Environmental Flow Assessment (EFA) methods. This is partly because the data required for holistic methodology could not be obtained. The analysis of the research outputs showed that: the index of flow variability appears to be representative of frequency and magnitude of flood and low flow events at Q5 (42.6 m3/s for 1KB28 and 34.6 m3/s for NC3) and Q70 (11.8 m3/s for 1KB28 and 9.9 m3/s for NC3). The average hydraulic parameters are function of discharge and vary as the discharge increases, with a break point for the wetted perimeter beyond which the increase in the stream discharge causes minor increase of the considered hydraulic parameter. The break point varies at a discharge rate of 11.8 m3/s, 11.8 m3/s and 10 m3/s, respectively for the three cross sections. These values appear to be much higher than the three scenarios proposed by previous researchers for flow restoration downstream of the Kihansi Dam (Do nothing scenario, 1.83 m3/s and 7 m3/s). The habitat analysis was done using the Percent Average Annual Flow, which is a surrogate for habitat quality, through three physical stream parameters: depth, velocity and percent width. The values showed that the river contains 16-28% fewer depth than those prescribed by Tennant (1976) at the interval of 10 -200 % of AAF. However, the study was conducted using one flow sampling and it is required to undergo a complete sampling involving low, medium and high flows. An ecological database of the catchment is needed to set prescriptions for Environmental Water Requirements. less

Assessing the Hydrological Performance of the Nile Forecast System in Long Term Simulations

On Thursday, 1st of May, 2008. 11:16:44 AM
By Mohamed Elshamy

Topic: Enviromental aspects of river engineering
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Citations: 11 | Reads: 73 |

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This paper presents an assessment of the performance of the Nile Forecast System (NFS) hydrological component with regard to long-term simulations for read more

Empirical Assessment of Local Scour at the Head of Groynes

On Thursday, 1st of May, 2008. 11:16:44 AM
By Mohamed Akode

Topic: Other
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Downloaded: 1

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The main functions of groynes are bank protection as well as land reclamation and provision of navigable depth leading to river training. The design o read more

Integration of NFS with Regional Climate Model to Simulate the Nile Basin Hydro-climatology

On Thursday, 1st of May, 2008. 11:16:44 AM
By Eman Soliman

Topic: GIS and Remote Sensing applications in river engineering
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Abstract

Many development projects involving Nile waters are currently underway, or being studied. These projects will lead to changes in land-use patterns and read more

Eastern Nile Planning Model, Integration with IDEN Projects To Deal with Climate Change Uncertainty and Flooding Risk

On Thursday, 1st of May, 2008. 11:16:44 AM
By Mohamed Abdel Aty Sayed

Topic: Enviromental aspects of river engineering
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Abstract

The Nile basin (NB) is one of the biggest river basins. Ten riparian countries contribute to the basin. The NB is one of the least developed basins. I read more

The Nile basin (NB) is one of the biggest river basins. Ten riparian countries contribute to the basin. The NB is one of the least developed basins. It is 3 mill km2 areas, with 1700 BCM/year of rainfall, and average annual natural flow of 84 BCM. The NB comprises 5 climatic regions that vary from Mediterranean, to semi arid, arid, subtropical and tropical regions. Also the topography of the Nile Basin varies from very high mountainous areas, more than 5000 meter above sea level to flat area. These varieties in climate, topography and locations give lots of opportunities in developing the Nile basin. It also makes the Nile basin vulnerable to foreseen climate change. The Nile basin is also characterized with high level of poverty, low access to power, civil wars, lots of untapped resources; water shed degradation, low efficiency of water use, low access to water and sanitation. However, there are lots of opportunities that include hydropower productions, power interconnection, flood preparedness and early warning; water shed management, irrigation and drainage, integrated water resources management in the whole basin. All these opportunities will be combined with capacity building activities in the whole basin. The Nile Basin Initiatives since its launching identified two major programs that are the shared vision program and the subsidiary action program. While the first program focus on capacity and confidence building in the whole Nile Basin, the second program focus on action on the ground through the identification and implementation of two sets of projects, fast track projects which are short term project and joint multi purpose program that focus on the development and implementation of investment projects in two main regions, the Nile Equatorial Lake (NELSAP) and Eastern Nile subsidiary (ENSAP) action programs. The combined effect of rapid population growth in the Eastern Nile and rising development rates has led to a substantial increase in water demand. It is a truism that the Nile is the most important source of water for the region, and it follows that the climate change effects will change the water policy and will be one of the important determinants of the balance between demands and supplies in the future. The eastern Nile planning model is one of the fast track identified projects within the Eastern Nile. The Eastern Nile Planning Model (ENPM) Project is designed to provide an effective planning tool to decision-makers in the Eastern Nile Region so that they can make informed water resources investment decisions. The project contains three major components: (i) The Modeling System, (ii) the Information Management System (IMS), and (iii) Institutional and Human Capacity Strengthening. So the ENPM Modeling System can be used to simulate the Nile Basin hydrologic conditions and evaluate economic, environmental, and social impacts of proposed water resources investments. Climate change is one of the cross cutting issues that its impacts need to be considered in any planning process, especially we are talking about integrated development of the eastern Nile. Because planning aspects target the future, we have to anticipate the risks and uncertainties. Climate change is considered as one of the risks that might face the future development within the eastern Nile that has to be considered. This paper addresses this issue in details and discusses how to incorporate and quantify the impacts of climate change in modeling efforts that we are conducting within the Eastern Nile. less

Water Banking –Land use Approach to Improve River Productivity and Environmental Performance

On Thursday, 1st of May, 2008. 11:16:44 AM
By Amgad Elmahdi

Topic: Hydraulic Structures
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Citations: 4 | Reads: 106 |

Abstract

This paper presents the use of water banking concept (using aquifers as a natural underground dam) combined with different changing land use such as c read more

Problems and Prospects of SWAT Model Applications in NILOTIC Catchments: A Review

On Thursday, 1st of May, 2008. 11:16:44 AM
By Preksedis Marco Ndomba

Topic: GIS and Remote Sensing applications in river engineering
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Downloaded: 1

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This paper highlights some problems and prospects of applying a complex Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrologic model in catchments of Nilot read more

Prediction of Sediment Inflow to legedadi Reservoir Using SWAT Watershed and CCHE1D Sediment Transport Models

On Thursday, 1st of May, 2008. 11:16:44 AM
By Andualem Gessese

Topic: GIS and Remote Sensing applications in river engineering
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Abstract

In this research, attempts are made to assess the amount of sediment inflow and the total quantity that is deposited to date in Legedadi Reservoir. T read more

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